They must also be underpinned with credible climate policies and regulations, including a price on carbon and ending finance for fossil fuel. These plans must be aligned with the 1.5 degree temperature goal and cover all greenhouse gases. Over the next two years, governments are required to prepare new economy-wide national climate action plans. I am mobilizing the entire UN system to assist in those efforts. The new framework on adaptation action provides a measurable set of new targets to drive adaptation action and implementation.Īnd there is clear guidance on the next round of 2025 national climate action plans – or Nationally Determined Contributions - which all governments must now begin preparing. Pledges to the Green Climate Fund now total a record $12.8 billion for the most climate vulnerable communities. There was also progress in relation to adaptation and finance.ĬOP28 offered some other building blocks for progress – including the operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund, even though financial commitments are very limited. Simultaneously, COP28 agreed to commitments to triple renewables capacity and double energy efficiency by 2030. The era of fossil fuels must end – and it must end with justice and equity. And developing countries must be supported every step of the way. But all efforts must be consistent with achieving global net zero by 2050 and preserving the 1.5 degree goal. Of course, timelines, pathways and targets will differ for countries at different levels of development. To those who opposed a clear reference to a phase out of fossil fuels in the COP28 text, I want to say that a fossil fuel phase out is inevitable whether they like it or not. This has been recognized by a growing and diverse coalition of countries. Science tells us that limiting global heating to 1.5 degrees will be impossible without the phase out of all fossil fuels on a timeframe consistent with this limit. In addition, for the first time, the outcome recognizes the need to transition away from fossil fuels – after many years in which the discussion of this issue was blocked. The Global Stocktake clearly reaffirmed the imperative of limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees which requires drastic reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions in this decade. The issues of the energy transition and the future of fossil fuels were front and centre. I also salute all those who have pushed for the strongest possible result, including civil society and young people all over the world.ĬOP28 occurred at a decisive moment in the fight against the climate crisis – a moment that demands maximum ambition both in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and climate justice. I am also grateful to UNFCCC Executive Secretary Simon Stiell and his colleagues for their tremendous support. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber and his team for their hard work. I thank the government of the United Arab Emirates for their hospitality – and COP28 President Dr.
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